Search results for "flux [cosmic radiation]"

Main Topics

2012

Ösophagusresektion bei unspezifischer Motilitätsstörung der Speiseröhre - Bedeutung der neuropathologischen Befunde

2005

A 47-year-old patient presented with a history of dysphagia for solid food for almost 10 years and weight loss of more than 50 kg. Non-resecting surgical as well as endoscopic procedures (laparoscopic cardiomyotomy with secondary antireflux operations, balloon dilation, Botulinum-toxin injection) were without success. A barium esophagogram showed a confinement of the distal esophagus with a filiform passage of the contrast medium and undigested food in the prestenotic dilated esophageal corpus. Manometry displayed a hypertensive lower esophageal sphincter with a resting pressure of 43.8 mmHg - although completely relaxing. The tubular esophagus was aperistaltic with 100 % simultaneous and r…

Potential options to optimize therapy of gastroesophageal reflux disease with proton pump inhibitors.

2007

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are antisecretory agents that are widely used in the short- and long-term management of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) to relieve symptoms, heal esophagitis, and prevent complications, such as strictures and Barrett’s esophagus. The total healthcare costs of GERD are high, especially for maintenance treatment. Therefore, the choice of cost-effective therapeutic options is an ineluctable challenge for public health authorities, third-party payers, and patients. In some European Union countries, a recent trend of public health authorities is to promote the choice of less expensive PPIs, regardless of their antisecretory potency – this in spite of the evid…

Applicability of a displaced-beam laser scintillometer in a sparse tall Mediterranean vegetation

2009

Recent studies showed that the sensible heat flux (H) measured with an array of eddy-correlation system has an high spatial and temporal variability over sparse tall vegetation, such as olive trees, whereas H determined with a displaced-beam laser scintillometer (DBLS) appeared to behave more stable. In this study, the results are shown of two field experiments performed over an olive tree plantation in Sicily in 2007 and 2008, in order to investigate the applicability of a DBSL in combination with remote sensing techniques for the actual evapotranspiration assessment. In 2007 the laser beams was closer to the top of the canopy than in 2008. Various aspects of the scintillation method will …

L’apport de la simulation multi-agent du trafic routier pour l’estimation des pollutions atmosphériques automobiles

2015

National audience; La pollution atmosphérique est aujourd’hui considérée comme cancérigène pour la santé humaine (OMS, 2013). Avec le bruit, elle est l’une des premières nuisances directement ressenties par les populations en milieu urbain. Son évaluation présente un véritable enjeu pour les pouvoirs publics afin de mieux en identifier ses sources, ses impacts en vue de définir des politiques territoriales (PDU, cadastre d’émission). A l’échelle locale, la pollution atmosphérique est à relier directement à l’intensité des sources d’émissions qui vont accentuer, ou non, la qualité de l’air extérieure (Elichegaray, 2010) . En milieu urbain, le premier contributeur en émission de NOx, CO, ou P…

Modélisation du trafic routier pour l’étude de la pollution atmosphérique de proximité : représentation des flux grâce aux données de comptages routi…

2013

National audience

Controllable morphology of flux avalanches in microstructured superconductors

2014

The morphology of abrupt bursts of magnetic flux into superconducting films with engineered periodic pinning centers (antidots) has been investigated. Guided flux avalanches of thermomagnetic origin develop a tree-like structure, with the main trunk perpendicular to the borders of the sample, while secondary branches follow well-defi ned directions determined by the geometrical details of the underlying periodic pinning landscape. Strikingly, we demonstrate that in a superconductor with relatively weak random pinning, the morphology of such flux avalanches can be fully controlled by proper combinations of lattice symmetry and antidot geometry. Moreover, the resulting flux patterns can be re…

Solar radiative effects of a Saharan dust plume observed during SAMUM assuming spheroidal model particles

2011

The solar optical properties of Saharan mineral dust observed during the Saharan Mineral Dust Experiment (SAMUM) were explored based on measured size-number distributions and chemical composition. The size-resolved complex refractive index of the dust was derived with real parts of 1.51–1.55 and imaginary parts of 0.0008–0.006 at 550 nm wavelength. At this spectral range a single scattering albedo ω o and an asymmetry parameter g of about 0.8 were derived. These values were largely determined by the presence of coarse particles. Backscatter coefficients and lidar ratios calculated with Mie theory (spherical particles) were not found to be in agreement with independently measured lidar data.…

Nordic Higher Education in Flux: System Evolution and Reform Trajectories

2019

AbstractThis chapter provides a brief description of how the four national systems included in this study—Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden—are currently organised and structured. In doing so, it illuminates several specific features such as the types and sizes of the institutions, enrolment patterns, performance measures, and funding. In addition, the chapter gives a snapshot of how higher education systems have evolved historically by shedding light on policy dynamics from the late 1990s to 2013, the baseline period for the FINNUT comparative study, the research project that provides the basis for this edited volume. This is followed by a section describing the aim, methods, theoretica…

Ray optics behavior of flux avalanche propagation in superconducting films

2015

Experimental evidence of wave properties of dendritic flux avalanches in superconducting films is reported. Using magneto-optical imaging the propagation of dendrites across boundaries between a bare NbN film and areas coated by a Cu layer was visualized, and it was found that the propagation is refracted in full quantitative agreement with Snell's law. For the studied film of 170 nm thickness and a $0.9\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ thick metal layer, the refractive index was close to $n=1.4$. The origin of the refraction is believed to be caused by the dendrites propagating as an electromagnetic shock wave, similar to damped modes considered previously for normal …